Active And Passive Voice Rules With Examples In Hindi
There are two basic rules for converting sentences from Active Voice into Passive Voice, which are common for all tenses.
- The places of subject and object will be interchanged in the sentence.
- Only 3rd form of the verb or Past Participle (e.g. written) will be used as a main verb in Passive Voice.
The rules for using ‘Auxiliary Verb’ in a sentence are different for each tense, as follows:
Passive voice for all tenses rules The places of subject and object in sentence are inter-changed in passive voice. 3rd form of verb (past participle) will be used only (as main verb) in passive voice.
Present Simple Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Is/are/am | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| He writes a letter. | A letter is written by him. |
| He does not write a letter. | A letter is not written by him. |
| Does he write a letter? | Is a letter written by him? |
| They sell books. | Books are sold by them. |
| She helps me. | I am helped by her. |
Present Progressive Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Is being / Are being / Am being | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| She is singing a song. | A song is being sung by her. |
| She is not singing a song. | A song is not being sung by her. |
| Is she singing a song? | Is a song being sung by her? |
| They are eating apples. | Apples are being eaten by them. |
| You are disturbing me. | I am being disturbed by you. |
Present Perfect Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Has been / Have been | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| He has completed the work. | The work has been completed by him. |
| He has not completed the work. | The work has not been completed by him. |
| Has he completed the work? | Has the work been completed by him. |
| She has written five poems. | Five poems have been written by her. |
| I have made some cakes. | Some cakes have been made by me. |
Past Simple Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Was / Were | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| He bought a car. | A car was bought by him. |
| He did not buy a car. | A car was not bought by him. |
| Did he buy a car? | Was a car bought by him? |
| She decorated the walls. | The walls were decorated by her. |
| I helped them. | They were helped by me. |
Past Progressive Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Was being / Were being | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| She was washing a shirt. | A shirt was being washed by her. |
| She was not washing a shirt. | A shirt was not being washed by her. |
| Was she washing a shirt? | Was a shirt being washed by her? |
| Boys were singing songs. | Songs were being sung by boys. |
Past Perfect Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Had been | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| They had won the game. | The game had been won by them. |
| They had not won the game. | The game had not been won by them. |
| Had they won the game? | Had the game been won by them? |
| He had collected coins. | Coins had been collected by him. |
Future Simple Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Will be | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| She will write a poem. | A poem will be written by her. |
| She will not write a poem. | A poem will not be written by her. |
| Will she write a poem? | Will a poem be written by her? |
| You will receive the letter. | The letter will be received by you. |
| They will arrange the money. | The money will be arranged by them. |
Future Perfect Tense Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Will have been | |
| Active Voices | Passive Voices |
|---|---|
| He will have received the letter. | The letter will have been received by him. |
| He will not have received the letter. | The letter will not have been received by him. |
| Will he have received the letter? | Will the letter have been received by him? |
Note: The sentences of following tenses can’t be changed to Passive Voices.
- Present Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense
- Past Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense
- Future Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense
- Future Continuous (or Progressive) Tense
- Sentences having Intransitive verbs
Active Voice and Passive Voice are directly not asked in class 6 in CBSE but they are asked in many forms like gap filling, editing and omission and sometimes rearranging sentences are also in passive voice. Passive meaning is basically where subject is not doing anything. Active passive voice is a topic worth learning because it covers more than 25% of the language. Considering this we are giving active and passive voice rules along with active and passive voice exercises pdf so that voice change should be easy for you. In order to explain this in a better way Edumantra provides active and passive voice examples with answers. Read the active passive voice rules and change active to passive voice and be perfect in voice grammar. Additionally active and passive voice worksheets are also available in pdf downloadable format. Find active and passive voice exercises with answers pdf and active and passive voice rules chart and get a deep insight of learning.
A voice in the form of a verb which expresses its connection with the doer (the subject). It makes dear whether the subject is doing something or something is being done to it.
There are two kinds of Voice :
1.Active Voice
In Active Voice, the verb shows that the subject does something.
For example : Audiorealism drum machine crack.
Mrs Shailja teaches us English.
1.Passive Voice
The Passive Voice shows that something is done to the subject.
For example: English is taught to us by Mrs Shailja.
General Rules :
Replace the Subject by the Object (of the Active Voice)
❑ Use relevant helping verb — the third form of the verb after the object.
❑ Put ‘by’ after the Third firm of the Verb.
❑ Put the Subject of the active voice after by
Now study carefully the table given below and notice the formation of sentences from Active Voice to Passive Voice.
Active Voice
Mohan writes a letter
(Subject) (Verb) (Object)
Passive Voice
A letter is written by Mohan.
(Subject) (Verb) (Object)
If the subject is a Pronoun, change it as follows:
Active Voice Passive Voice
I me
We us
You you
He him
She her
It it
They them
Whom by whom
| Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| Simple Present Present Continuous Present Perfect Simple Past Past Continuous Past Perfect Simple Future Future Perfect | I like mangoes. She is reading a poem. They have done their work. We played cricket. I was writing a story. He had solved the sum. He will buy a new car. He will have watered the plants. | Mangoes are liked by me. A poem is being read by her. Their work has been done by them. Cricket was played by us. A story was being written by me. The stun had been solved by him. A new car will be bought by him. The plants will have been watered by him. |
NOTE:The sentences in the following tenses cannot be changed into Passive Voice :
- Present Perfect Continuous
- Past Perfect Continuous
- Future Continuous
- Future Perfect Continuous
Change of Imperative Sentences
When an Imperative sentence is changed from the ActiveVoice to the PassiveVoice, we use the verb ‘Let’ followed by the Passive Infinitive without Ito’. But when the Imperative sentence begins with ‘Kindly’ or ‘Please’, we use the words ‘You are requested’ followed by ActiveInfinitive; as :
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| 1. Open the door. 2. Respect your teachers. 3. Kindly help me. 4. Do not beat the dog. 5. Tell him to do his work. | 1. Let the door be opened. 2. Let your teachers be respected. 3. You are requested to help me. 4. Let the dog not be beaten by you. 5. Let him be told that his work is to be done. |
Change of Interrogative Sentences
Study how the following Interrogative Sentences are changed from the Active Voice to the PassiveVoice.
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| 1. What do you want? 2. Whom did you laugh at? 3. Did your friend invite you? 4. Will he give me a book? 5. Who killed the snake? 6. Do the children play cricket? 7. Why did he punish you? 8. How did you do this sum? 9. Have you finished work? 10. Can anybody cure me? | 1. What is wanted by you? 2. Who was laughed at by you? 3. Were you invited by your friend? 4. Will a book be given to me by him? 5. By whom was the snake killed? 6. Is cricket played by the children? 7. Why were you punished by him? 8. How was this sum done by you? 9. Has the work been finished by you? 10. Can I be cured by anybody? |
Sentences Beginning with ‘Let’
Study the following sentences :
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| 1. Let us go out for a walk. 2. Let her play. 3. Let him send for a doctor. | 1. It is suggested that we should go out for a walk 2. It is proposed that she should play. 3. It is suggested that he should send tor a doctor. |
Verbs with Two Objects
Study the following sentences :
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
| 1. My uncle gave Me a camera. 2. Mrs Chaulian teaches us | 1. I was given a camera by my uncle. Or A camera was given to me by my uncle. 2. We are taught Hindi by Mrs Chauhan. Or Hindi is taught to us by Mrs Chauhatt. |
Verbs with Modal Auxiliaries
Study the following sentences: Active Voice
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
1. You can do it. 2. He may take the test. 3. We should obey traffic rules. 4. He must return my book. | 1. It can be done by you. 2. The test may be taken by the hint. 3. Traffic rules should be obeyed by us. 4. My book must be returned by him. |
Active and Passive Voice Exercise-1 & 2
Active and Passive Voice Exercise-3 & 4
Active and Passive Voice Exercise-5 & 6
Active and Passive Voice Exercise-7 & 8
Active and Passive Voice Exercise-9 & 10